Generar DOM con JavaScript mas facilmente
Hola. Una de las bases de AJAX es la generación de contenido dinámicamente a partir de información de una petición HTTP. Esta generación del contenido se hace mediante DOM. Se van creando nodos y añadiéndose a la página.
No soy un gurú del tema, pero veo que es una tarea bastante tediosa. Un ejemplo de cómo crear un párrafo e insertarlo en cierto nodo ya existente...
<div id="lugar_en_el_que_insertar">
</div>
<script language="javascript">
var parrafo = document.createElement("p");
var texto = document.createTextNode("texto...");
parrafo.appendChild(texto);
document.getElementById("lugar_en_el_que_insertar").appendChild(parrafo);
</script>
Se me ha ocurrido que puede ser de ayuda que dado el HTML un programilla te genere todo el javascript necesario para generar ese HTML. Por ejemplo dado este HTML...
<p> visita <a href='http://weblogs.javahispano.org/page/gimenete'>mi weblog</a></p>
...te genere...
var p0 = document.createElement("p");
p0.appendChild(document.createTextNode(" visita "));
var a1 = document.createElement("a");
a1.setAttribute("href", "http://weblogs.javahispano.org/page/gimenete");
a1.appendChild(document.createTextNode("mi weblog"));
p0.appendChild(a1);
document.getElementById("id_del_elemento_donde_se_quiere_insertar").appendChild(p0);
Para probarlo nada más que hacer algo como lo siguiente...
<div id="lugar_en_el_que_insertar">
</div>
<script language="javascript">
var p0 = document.createElement("p");
p0.appendChild(document.createTextNode(" visita "));
var a1 = document.createElement("a");
a1.setAttribute("href", "http://weblogs.javahispano.org/page/gimenete");
a1.appendChild(document.createTextNode("mi weblog"));
p0.appendChild(a1);
document.getElementById("lugar_en_el_que_insertar").appendChild(p0);
</script>
Pues bueno, he hecho esta aplicación usando jDom. Este es el código
package net.gimenete.html2js;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import java.io.Writer;
import java.util.Iterator;
import org.jdom.Attribute;
import org.jdom.Comment;
import org.jdom.Document;
import org.jdom.Element;
import org.jdom.JDOMException;
import org.jdom.Text;
import org.jdom.input.SAXBuilder;
public class Html2JavaScriptApp {
private int index;
private String first;
private Writer writer;
public static void main(String[] args) {
SAXBuilder builder = new SAXBuilder();
builder.setValidation(false);
builder.setIgnoringElementContentWhitespace(true);
Document document = null;
try {
document = builder.build(new InputStreamReader(System.in));
} catch (JDOMException e) {
System.err.println("error en el formato de entrada. no es xml "+e);
System.exit(0);
} catch (IOException e) {
System.err.println("error al leer del canal de entrada "+e);
System.exit(0);
}
Html2JavaScriptApp app = new Html2JavaScriptApp();
PrintWriter writer = new PrintWriter(System.out);
String id = null;
if(args.length > 0)
id = args[0];
try {
app.generateDocument(writer, document, id);
} catch (IOException e) {
System.err.println("error generando el javascript "+e);
System.exit(0);
}
writer.flush();
}
public void generateDocument(Writer writer, Document document, String id) throws IOException {
index = 0;
first = null;
this.writer = writer;
generateElement(document.getRootElement(), null);
if(first != null && id != null) {
writer.write("document.getElementById(\""+id+"\").appendChild("+first+");\n");
}
}
private void generateElement(Element element, String parentName) throws IOException {
String name = element.getAttributeValue("id");
if(name == null) {
name = element.getName()+index;
index++;
}
if(first == null)
first = name;
writer.write("/* ["+element.getName());
for (Iterator iter = element.getAttributes().iterator(); iter.hasNext();) {
Attribute attr = (Attribute) iter.next();
writer.write(" "+attr.getName()+"=\""+attr.getValue()+"\"");
}
writer.write("] */\n");
writer.write("var "+name+" = document.createElement(\""+element.getName()+"\");\n");
for (Iterator iter = element.getAttributes().iterator(); iter.hasNext();) {
Attribute attr = (Attribute) iter.next();
writer.write(name+".setAttribute(\""+attr.getName()+"\", \""+attr.getValue()+"\");\n");
}
for (Iterator iter = element.getContent().iterator(); iter.hasNext();) {
Object child = iter.next();
if(child instanceof Element)
generateElement((Element) child, name);
else if(child instanceof Text)
generateText((Text) child, name);
else if(child instanceof Comment)
generateComment((Comment) child);
}
if(parentName != null) {
writer.write(parentName+".appendChild("+name+");\n");
}
writer.write("\n");
}
private void generateComment(Comment comment) throws IOException {
writer.write("/* "+comment.getText()+" */\n");
}
private void generateText(Text text, String parentName) throws IOException {
String txt = text.getText().replaceAll("\r", " ").replaceAll("\n", " ");
writer.write(parentName+".appendChild(document.createTextNode(\""+txt+"\"));\n");
}
}
Y así es como se usa...
echo "<p> visita <a href='http://weblogs.javahispano.org/page/gimenete'>mi weblog</a></p>" | java net.gimenete.html2js.Html2JavaScriptApp id_del_elemento_donde_se_quiere_insertar_el_arbol
Es decir lee de la entrada estándar y escribe en la salida estándar. En el ejemplo anterior usamos la salida de "echo" como entrada. También podemos leer de un fichero...
java net.gimenete.html2js.Html2JavaScriptApp < /Users/gimenete/test.xml
El único parámetro que necesita el programa es opcional. Indica el "id" del elemento en el que se debe insertar todo el DOM generado. En el segundo ejemplo como se ve no lo he usado.
Sugerencias? Comenarios?
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